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A Short History Of Sports Betting

This is an excerpt from Business of Sports Betting epub, The by Becky Harris, John T. Holden & Gil B. Fried.

Sports and betting have actually been closely intertwined considering that the beginning of organized competitions. Even ancient civilizations gambled on sports:

– As far back as 4000 to 3000 BC, ancient Egyptians bank on dice, parlor game, and feats of skill, such as chariot racing and fencing (Bulski, 2020).
– Betting on sports happened during the ancient Olympic Games, around 800 to 700 BC (“Sports Betting History,” n.d.).
– In ancient Rome, betting on video games and races was prevalent. Though gaming was occasionally forbidden in ancient Rome, exceptions were produced holidays, on which gaming was embraced. In the exact same period as the early Olympic Games, Romans bank on chariot races (De Haas, n.d.).

In 1612, King James announced the very first lotto in Britain, an occasion that would play a pivotal function in funding the Jamestown Colony. The lotto consisted of citizens purchasing tickets, which were then positioned inside a barrel or drum, and then a name being selected. Lotteries played a crucial role in America’s development, with much of the nation’s first public buildings, colleges, roads, canals, and religious structures being moneyed through both public and personal lotteries. In 1776, the First Continental Congress began a lottery in the 13 colonies to fund the Revolutionary War (Little, 2019).

British inhabitants also brought an enthusiasm for horse racing with them, and the first racetrack was developed in 1665 on Long Island in New York. Despite periods of unpopularity, horse racing has kept a constant presence in the United States since a minimum of 1665, an anomaly amongst regulated types of gambling (“Horse Racing History,” n.d.).

The growth of the United States westward saw an increase in betting activities such as poker and other card games. Illegal gambling facilities were often neglected by authorities, and the goings-on were seen as a lesser evil than some of the other activities participated in during that era, such as brawling. Some cities, such as San Francisco, even certified limited forms of betting as a way of raising revenue (Holden & Edelman, 2020).

Professor I. Nelson Rose has categorized three waves of in the United States (Rose, 2010).

1787 to Mid-1830s

– In this period, betting was mostly disallowed however was allowed to raise income through lottery games or raffles.
– Lotteries were often operated by both public and private companies; nevertheless, by the middle of the 1800s, there were many lottery game scandals across the United States. Sometimes, illustrations never even took place.
– By the end of the 1830s, there was a push to ban gaming activities, and many state constitutions prepared in the period, consisting of those of Nevada, California, and Texas, contained an outright ban on lotteries (Rose, 2010). Even today, lottery games remain banned in Nevada.
– This period saw the innovation of the steamboat, which caused the development of riverboat bettors, who were often associated with deceitful card games.

1840s to 1890s

– Following the Civil War, the once forbidden lotto reemerged as a method of financing Reconstruction in the American South. Some states reworded constitutions or lifted statutory bans on the lotto, and others simply overlooked restrictions to allow state-licensed lottery games during the post-Civil War era.
– As westward expansion continued, casino-style gambling ended up being popular. Casino video games were frequently rigged in favor of the operators, and ultimately a lot of these games fell out of favor. An exception was card games such as poker, in which each gamer, in theory, had an equal opportunity of winning.
– As cities in the west established official federal governments, laws were passed to forbid casino gambling.
– This second wave of betting ended similar way as the very first, with substantial scandals surrounding lottos. The Louisiana lottery game was at the center of the most significant scandal of the time, in which lottery game operators were accused of attempting to settle the state legislature (Rose, 2010).

1900s to Present

– This period marks the growth of legalized betting, starting with the reemergence of the state lottery game in 1964.
– Nevada emerged as a destination for gambling, followed by Atlantic City, New Jersey. Once novelties, gambling establishments are now found in many states.
– Despite the harms connected with gaming, numerous states see the income benefits as surpassing the risks.
– As of 2022, all but 2 states, Utah and Hawaii, had some type of legal gaming.